Validate Nested Vehicle State JSON

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Problem

Given a JSON-like Python object payload and a schema object schema, implement a function that validates whether the payload matches the schema. The validator must support nested objects, arrays, required fields, primitive types (string, number, boolean), allowed enum values, and numeric min/max bounds. Return a list of validation errors, where each error includes the full field path and the reason. If the payload is valid, return an empty list.

Constraints

1 <= total number of schema nodes <= 10^4
Payload depth and schema depth are each at most 100
Array lengths across the payload sum to at most 10^4
Schema types are limited to object, array, string, number, and boolean
Return errors in deterministic traversal order

Function Signature

def validate_vehicle_state(payload, schema):

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