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Reverse a String Without Built-ins

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Your question is Reverse a String Without Built-ins. Start with the requirements on the right.

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Problem

The Amazon Alexa test harness receives text payloads that may need to be reversed for validation. Write a function that returns the characters of a string in reverse order without using built-in reversal operations.

You may use character indexing, len, loops, and string concatenation. Do not use slicing such as s[::-1], reversed, list.reverse, join, or any library method that directly reverses or assembles the string.

Formal Specification

Implement reverse_string(s), where:

  • Input s is a Python string containing zero or more Unicode characters.
  • Output is a new string containing exactly the same characters in reverse order.
  • Spaces, punctuation, digits, repeated characters, and Unicode characters must be preserved exactly.
  • The function must not modify the input string.

Constraints

  • 0 <= len(s) <= 10^4
  • s may contain any Unicode characters supported by Python strings
  • The input string must not be modified
  • Do not use slicing, reversed, list.reverse, join, or another direct reversal helper

Function Signature

def reverse_string(s):
Your solutionPython 3
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