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LRU Caching Mechanism
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LRU Caching Mechanism

EasyPython

Problem

Shutterfly Photos may repeatedly request recently viewed photo metadata. Implement an in-memory Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports get and put operations in O(1) average time.

The cache has a fixed positive capacity. A successful get makes the key most recently used. Inserting or updating a key with put also makes it most recently used. When inserting a new key would exceed capacity, evict the least recently used key.

Formal Specification

Implement lru_cache_operations(capacity, operations), where capacity is an integer and operations is a list of commands. Each command is either ['get', key] or ['put', key, value]. Keys and values are integers. Return a list containing the result of every get command in order. Return -1 for a missing key. put commands produce no output.

Use a hash map and a doubly linked list. The list should maintain entries from least recently used to most recently used.

Constraints

  • 1 <= capacity <= 10^5
  • 1 <= len(operations) <= 2 * 10^5
  • 0 <= key, value <= 10^9
  • Each operation is either ['get', key] or ['put', key, value]
  • Every operation must run in O(1) average time

Function Signature

def lru_cache_operations(capacity, operations):
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