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Updated weekly · Last refresh Oct 17

Microsoft Data Engineer Interview Questions

The questions to prepare for a Microsoft Data Engineer interview. Questions from real interview reports rank first. Updated daily.

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1
SQL & Data ManipulationStart here. 15 questions · ~155 min
Accumulated Salary Sum in SQLMedium
Practice

Use window functions to compute each employee's accumulated salary sum in salary order.

Window FunctionspostgresqlAggregationsMicrosoft
First and Last User EventsMedium
Practice
Recently asked

Use CTEs, LEFT JOINs, and ROW_NUMBER to return each active user's first and last event with deterministic tie-breaking.

Window FunctionsDate FunctionsRankingMicrosoft
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2
Coding14 questions · ~145 min
Median and 25th PercentileMedium

Evaluates your algorithmic approach to percentile and median computation under library constraints.

Microsoft
Missing Number From 1 to NEasy
Practice
Recently asked

Find the missing value from 1 through N in an array using XOR in O(n) time and O(1) space.

Bit ManipulationMathArraysMicrosoft
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3
Pipelines15 questions · ~155 min
Migrate Legacy ETL to ELTEasy
Recently asked

Design a batch data platform that contrasts ETL and ELT by migrating legacy Spark ETL workloads to Snowflake-based ELT with hourly refreshes.

ETLELTData ModelingMicrosoft
Optimize a Large Data WorkflowMedium
Recently asked

Approach for improving pipeline efficiency while keeping the same business logic and outputs.

InfrastructureETLQualityMicrosoft
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4
Behavioral & Leadership4 questions · ~41 min
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5
More topics2 questions · ~21 min
Batch Pipeline with Schema DriftHard

Design a batch data pipeline that handles schema drift, SCD, and warehouse optimization at scale.

production systemsFeature StoreFeature DriftMicrosoft
Trillion-Record System DesignHard

Design a self-healing data system that can ingest, process, and monitor trillions of records with automatic issue detection and recovery.

Feature Storedistributed systemsanomaly detectionMicrosoft

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