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Microsoft Applied Scientist Interview Questions

The questions to prepare for a Microsoft Applied Scientist interview. Questions from real interview reports rank first. Updated daily.

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1
CodingStart here. 12 questions · ~141 min
Max Points on a LineHard
Practice

Find the largest set of collinear points using normalized integer slopes without floating point precision loss.

ArraysAlgorithmsedge casesMicrosoft
K-means from ScratchHard
Practice

Implement K-means from scratch, then explain how distance and centroid updates can be vectorized.

CodingArraysAlgorithmsMicrosoft
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2
System Design12 questions · ~141 min
BERT vs GPT ArchitectureHard

Explain how BERT and GPT differ in transformer architecture, objectives, attention patterns, and serving use cases.

ml inferenceModel Servingarchitecture patternsMicrosoft
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3
NLP3 questions · ~35 min
LLM and RAG Technical Deep DiveHard
Recently asked

Implement a retrieval augmented generation pipeline using Azure AI Search and Azure OpenAI, then measure retrieval quality and grounded answers.

promptingLanguage ModelsRAGMicrosoft
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4
Machine Learning12 questions · ~141 min
LeetCode and LLM Interview MixHard
Recently asked

Explain your coding, LLM, and ML project experience, including model choices, evaluation, implementation tradeoffs, and resume decisions.

leetcodemodel choiceprojectsMicrosoft
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5
Model Evaluation6 questions · ~70 min
Microsoft ML Deployment DebuggingHard
Recently asked

Identify why a model performs well locally but poorly after deployment, then propose an evaluation and debugging plan.

Evaluation TechniquesClassificationmodel performanceMicrosoft
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6
Behavioral & Leadership3 questions · ~35 min
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7
More topics2 questions · ~23 min
Max Profit in DataFramesMedium
Practice

Calculate regional sales and profit totals, then return every region tied for maximum profit.

JoinsData ManipulationAggregationsMicrosoft
Prove Mean as CentroidHard
Recently asked

Prove that the arithmetic mean uniquely minimizes total squared Euclidean distance and therefore serves as the centroid under squared-error loss.

proofstatistics fundamentalsmathematical reasoningMicrosoft

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Hands-on SQL practiceWrite and run real queries in the editor. 2 drills · ~20 min
The finish line: interview-readyComplete all 50 questions plus 2 hands-on drills to finish this plan.