Your question is Lifecycle of a Packet on Timeout. Take a moment with it on the right.
Talk me through your thinking if you like. When you're confident, submit your answer and I'll grade it like a real screen (7/10 or better passes).
Walk me through the lifecycle of a packet when a connection times out.
Assume a TCP connection on Windows and explain what happens from packet transmission through retransmission, timer expiry, and the application-visible error. Clarify the difference between a timeout during TCP connection establishment and a timeout after the connection is established.
Focus on packet behavior, TCP state, operating-system timers, and how you would distinguish packet loss from a rejected connection.