A hard Python tree traversal problem (logic only, not running code). Asked in the Round 2 stage.
Implement vertical_order(root). The input is a binary tree encoded as nested arrays [value, left, right], where a missing child is null. Return node values grouped by vertical column from left to right. Within each column, preserve top-to-bottom order and left-to-right order for nodes on the same level.
def vertical_order(root):