Your question is Electronics Components Basics. Take a moment with it on the right.
Talk me through your thinking if you like. When you're confident, submit your answer and I'll grade it like a real screen (7/10 or better passes).
What basics do you know about electronics components?
Explain the purpose and basic behavior of common components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, integrated circuits, switches, sensors, connectors, batteries, and voltage regulators. Describe voltage, current, resistance, power, analog signals, and digital signals at a level appropriate for a software engineer working near embedded hardware. Mention one safe method for identifying or testing an unfamiliar component.