Your question is Design TinyURL Service. Take a moment with it on the right.
Talk me through your thinking if you like. When you're confident, submit your answer and I'll grade it like a real screen (7/10 or better passes).
Design tinyurl service with multiple subquestions.
Clarify the requirements before proposing an architecture. Address URL creation and redirection, identifier generation, storage, scaling, latency, availability, abuse prevention, and observability. If machine learning is not justified by the stated requirements, explicitly explain why and identify any narrowly scoped ML component that could be added later.