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Alien Dictionary Variant
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Alien Dictionary Variant

HardPython

Problem

How would you solve a variant of the alien dictionary problem, and what edge cases would you watch for?

Implement the function below. Return the lexicographically smallest valid character ordering, or "" if the sorted words imply a cycle or an invalid prefix. Include every distinct character, including characters with no ordering constraints.

Input/output contract: words is a list of lowercase strings. The function returns a string containing each distinct character exactly once, or "" when no valid ordering exists.

Constraints

  • 1 <= words.length <= 10^4
  • 1 <= words[i].length <= 100
  • Each word contains only lowercase English letters
  • The total number of characters across all words is at most 10^5
  • Return the lexicographically smallest valid ordering when multiple orderings exist

Function Signature

def alien_order(words):
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