Your question is Streaming Pipeline for Spikes. Take a moment with it on the right.
Talk me through your thinking if you like. When you're confident, submit your answer and I'll grade it like a real screen (7/10 or better passes).
Walk me through how you would build a data pipeline that must handle sudden, unpredictable spikes in incoming streaming data volume for McKinsey & clients. Explain your ingestion, buffering, processing, storage, and serving choices, including how the design scales without data loss or unacceptable latency. Cover backpressure, autoscaling, ordering, duplicate handling, failure recovery, observability, capacity planning, and cost controls.