
You’ve been asked to lead the design and rollout plan for a Single Sign-On solution as a client moves from mostly on-premise identity and application infrastructure to a hybrid cloud environment. The client has a mix of legacy internal apps, newer SaaS tools, and cloud-hosted workloads, and they want a unified login experience without disrupting access for employees, contractors, or privileged administrators. The migration matters because the current login model creates operational overhead, inconsistent access controls, and audit gaps, but the environment is messy: some critical apps only support older federation patterns, the infrastructure team wants to retire parts of Active Directory quickly, and security leadership is pushing for stronger MFA and conditional access from day one.
Walk me through how you would design and execute the SSO solution, including how you would sequence the rollout, handle trade-offs between speed and security, define success criteria, and prepare a rollback plan if authentication issues affect business-critical systems.