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Optimizing Slow SQL Queries
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Optimizing Slow SQL Queries

HardSQL · PostgreSQL

Problem

They focused mostly about concurrency and solving the issues that come with it, database transactions, atomicity, locks, etc.

Using the supplied transaction and lock-event records, write a PostgreSQL query that identifies transactions affected by rollback or positive lock waits. Include rolled-back transactions even when they have no matching lock events.

Output

  1. One row per affected transaction with transaction_id, status, total_wait_ms, waited_resource_count, first_wait_at, last_wait_at, and concurrency_issue
  2. Order by total_wait_ms descending, then transaction_id ascending

Schema

transactions
ColumnTypeDescription
transaction_idPKINTUnique database transaction identifier
started_atTIMESTAMPTransaction start time
committed_atTIMESTAMPCommit time, null when not committed
statusVARCHAR(20)Transaction outcome
isolation_levelVARCHAR(30)Transaction isolation level
lock_events
ColumnTypeDescription
lock_event_idPKINTUnique lock event identifier
transaction_idINTTransaction associated with the lock event
resource_keyVARCHAR(50)Locked database resource
event_typeVARCHAR(20)Lock lifecycle event type
event_atTIMESTAMPTime the lock event occurred
wait_msINTMilliseconds spent waiting for the lock
Tablestransactionslock_events
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